Qhov tshwj xeeb zoo ntawm qhov sib npaug rigidity thiab toughness nyob rau hauv acrylonitrile -butadiene-styrene copolymer (ABS) stems los ntawm nws txoj complex thiab txiav txim ternary copolymer qauv thiab cov yam ntxwv theem.Cov khoom no yog tsim los ntawm graft copolymerization ntawm acrylonitrile (A), butadiene (B), butadiene (B). Nws cov microstructure tsis yog ib qho yooj yim homogeneous system, tab sis ib qho kev sib xyaw morphology tsim los ntawm cov theem tas mus li thiab tawg. Qhov kev teeb tsa no ncaj qha txiav txim siab cov khoom siv macroscopic kev ua haujlwm.
Nyob rau theem molecular, styrene thiab acrylonitrile tsim ib copolymer rigid copolymer (SAN) raws li theem matrix tas mus li, muab cov khoom siv lub zog, hardness, thiab tshuaj tiv thaiv. Butadiene muaj nyob rau hauv ob daim ntawv -ib feem raws li cov roj hmab ywj siab hais (kwv yees li 0.1-1 μm inch) uniformly dispersed nyob rau hauv lub SAN matrix, ua rau theem ob; thiab ib nrab sib raug zoo rau SAN ntu los ntawm kev grafting cov tshuaj tiv thaiv, tsim cov tub ntxhais - plhaub qauv ntawm "cov roj hmab hais-SAN plhaub." Qhov no core-plhaub dispersed theem yuav induce crazes thiab shear bands nyob rau hauv kev ntxhov siab, inhibiting tawg propagation los ntawm absorbing cuam tshuam lub zog, uas yog lub hauv paus mechanism ntawm ABS lub siab tiv thaiv.
Kev nplua -tuning ntawm theem qauv cuam tshuam rau cov khoom siv. Yog tias cov roj hmab theem cov ntsiab lus tsawg dhau (<10%), the toughening effect is insufficient; if it is too high (>30%), rigidity yuav raug txi. Kev lag luam, qhov loj me, kev faib tawm ceev, thiab kev sib txuas ntawm cov khoom siv roj hmab feem ntau yog tswj los ntawm kev kho cov monomer piv (feem ntau A: B: S=2: 1: 3) thiab txheej txheem copolymerization. Piv txwv li, ABS npaj los ntawm emulsion polymerization muaj ib tug bimodal tis ntawm cov roj hmab hais (cov khoom me me ntim cov khoob ntawm cov khoom loj), uas tuaj yeem txhim kho kev cuam tshuam lub zog ntxiv; thaum bulk polymerization yog qhov tsim nyog kom tau txais cov theem purer interface thiab txhim kho cov cua sov.
Tsis tas li ntawd, qhov stereoregularity thiab kev faib ua ntu zus ntawm cov saw hlau molecular tsis tuaj yeem tsis quav ntsej. Qhov muaj zog polarity ntawm acrylonitrile units txhim khu kev sib cuam tshuam lub zog, ua rau cov khoom kub hloov pauv kub (HDT kwv yees li 90-}105 degree); random kev npaj ntawm styrene units muab lub matrix zoo transparency thiab ua fluidity. Los ntawm qhov sib txawv ntawm cov copolymerization tus nqi ntawm peb lub Cheebtsam, ib tug tsis yog - zoo tagnrho copolymerization ib theem zuj zus, thaum kawg tsim ib tug synergistic qauv ntawm "rigid load-bearing thiab elastic network buffering."
Kev nkag siab tob dua ntawm cov qauv ABS tsis tsuas yog nthuav tawm cov ntsiab lus ntawm nws cov txiaj ntsig kev ua tau zoo tab sis tseem taw qhia txoj hauv kev rau kev hloov kho cov khoom siv -los ntawm kev tswj cov theem tsis zoo lossis qhia txog cov khoom siv nanofillers, cov khoom tshwj xeeb tuaj yeem ua kom zoo dua qub, txhawb nqa nws daim ntawv thov meej hauv siab -kawg teb.